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1.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg ; 116(3): 261-269, 2022 03 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34308483

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Q fever is among the top 13 global priority zoonoses, however, it is still neglected and under-reported in most of the world, including Brazil. Thus, we evaluated the seroprevalence of and the risk factors for Coxiella burnetii infections in humans from Minas Gerais, a highly urbanised Brazilian state. METHODS: Coxiella burnetii was searched for patient samples (n=437), which were suspected of then later confirmed as negative for dengue fever, by the indirect immunofluorescence technique and real-time PCR. Risk factors for infections and spatial clusters for both C. burnetii-seropositive individuals and livestock concentration were evaluated. RESULTS: We found that 21 samples (4.8%; 95% CI 3.0 to 7.2%) were reactive for at least one class of anti-C. burnetii antibodies (titer of ≥64), with rural residence (p=0.036) being a risk factor. Also, two spatial clusters of seropositivity were found within a significant area by Scan, and a probable relationship between the Scan result and the livestock concentration by area was found. CONCLUSIONS: Seropositive individuals were associated with rural residence, with a likely relationship with the livestock concentration. Thus, this study establishes baseline figures for C. burnetii seroprevalence in humans in a state of Brazil, allowing the monitoring of trends and setting of control targets, as well as more representative longitudinal and risk analysis studies.


Subject(s)
Coxiella burnetii , Q Fever , Animals , Antibodies, Bacterial , Brazil/epidemiology , Humans , Livestock , Q Fever/epidemiology , Q Fever/etiology , Risk Factors , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Zoonoses
3.
HU rev ; 48: 1-8, 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1371594

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O Brasil, assim como outros países, vem alterando seu perfil demográfico elevando o número de pessoas idosas, o que repercute em mudanças não só para sociedade, mas também para saúde pública. Este grupo de pacientes é mais vulnerável devido à fisiologia inerente ao envelhecimento, logo se tornam mais propensos ao uso de medicamentos que podem causar outros problemas de saúde. Essa probabilidade de risco é uma preocupação atual e levou a criação de métodos que norteiam os prescritores para adequarem suas terapêuticas neste grupo de pacientes. Um destes métodos é o critério de Beers, que é atualizado periodicamente trazendo uma lista de medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados (MPIs) para idosos. Objetivo: Avaliar a prescrição de pacientes idosos internados no Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (HU-UFJF/Ebserh) quanto à prevalência do uso de MPI e polifarmácia, no período de julho a agosto de 2019. Material e Métodos: Estudo observacional descritivo e retrospectivo, cujos dados foram coletados de prontuários pacientes idosos com idade igual ou superior a 65 anos para obtenção dos resultados que foram avaliados estatisticamente. Resultados: Foram avaliados 187 prontuários, e observada prevalência de 80,2% da prescrição de MPIs, sendo os mais prevalentes omeprazol e benzodiazepínicos. A maioria dos pacientes tiveram polifarmácia (95,7%). Conclusão: Os resultados convergem com base no critério de Beers, para necessidade de adequar a terapia de pacientes idosos. É necessário também avaliar os benefícios e alternativas quanto aos MPIs mais prevalentes, além de realizar estudos observacionais sobre possíveis efeitos adversos que possam ser consequência do uso desses medicamentos, com objetivo de aperfeiçoar a terapia farmacológica e aprimorar a farmacoeconomia, melhorando assim a qualidade de vida dos pacientes idosos.


Introduction: Brazil, like other countries, has been changing its demographic profile, increasing the number of elderly people, which reflects in changes not only for society, but also for public health. This group of patients is more vulnerable due to the inherent physiology of aging, so they become more likely to use medications that can cause other health problems. This risk probability is a current concern and has led to the creation of methods that guide prescribers to adapt their therapies in this group of patients. One of these methods is the Beers criterion, which is periodically updated with a list of potentially inappropriate medications (PIM) for the elderly. Objective: To evaluate the prescription of elderly patients hospitalized at the University Hospital of Juiz de Fora (HU-UFJF/Ebserh) regarding the prevalence of the use of PIM and polypharmacy, from July to August 2019. Material and Methods: Descriptive and retrospective observational study, whose data were collected from medical records of elderly patients aged 65 years or older to obtain the results that were statistically evaluated. Results: A total of 187 medical records were evaluated, and a prevalence of 80.2% of the prescription of PIMs was observed, the most prevalent being omeprazol and benzodiazepines. Most patients had polypharmacy (95.7%). Conclusion: The results converge, based on the Beers criterion, for the need to suit the therapy of elderly patients. It is also necessary to evaluate the benefits and alternatives regarding the most prevalent PIMs, in addition to conducting observational studies on possible adverse effects that may be a consequence of the use of these medications, aiming to refine pharmacological therapy and improve pharmacoeconomics, thus improving quality of life of elderly patients.


Subject(s)
Drug Prescriptions , Aging , Health of the Elderly , Polypharmacy , Drug Evaluation , Drug Therapy , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Drug Utilization , Potentially Inappropriate Medication List , Hospitalization
4.
HU rev ; 45(4): 408-414, 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1177127

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A segurança do paciente é um dos principais alvos de estudo na atualidade, em diversos segmentos no âmbito da saúde. Os problemas relacionados a medicamentos (PRM) se destacam entre os mais cometidos nos serviços de saúde. A atuação do farmacêutico na farmácia clínica se institui como um serviço que contribui para a otimização dos cuidados hospitalares melhorando a qualidade da farmacoterapia, minimizando os problemas relacionados aos medicamentos. Objetivo: Identificar e quantificar os PRM e as intervenções farmacêuticas encontradas no serviço de Farmácia do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (HU-UFJF) e também apresentar as taxas de aceitação das intervenções farmacêuticas de acordo com a aceitabilidade da equipe de saúde. Material e Métodos: Foi feito um estudo retrospectivo observacional no HU-UFJF dos resultados obtidos pelo serviço de farmácia clínica no período de abril a outubro de 2018. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 18.795 prescrições, sendo encontrados e considerados 2.834 PRM, sendo o tipo de problema relacionado ao medicamento mais prevalente o de diluição e/ou taxa de infusão correspondendo a 28,7%. Houve uma boa aceitação por parte da equipe de saúde às intervenções propostas pelo farmacêutico. Conclusão: O serviço de farmácia clínica detectou vários problemas relacionados ao uso de medicamento, que levou a oportunidades de melhoria na farmacoterapia, contribuindo para a segurança do paciente.


Introduction: Patient safety is one of the main study targets today, in several segments in the health field. Drug-related problems (DRP) stand out among the most commonly committed in health services. The pharmacist's role in the clinical pharmacy is established as a service that contributes to the optimization of hospital care by improving the quality of pharmacotherapy, minimizing drug-related problems. Objective: To identify and quantify the DRP and pharmaceutical interventions found in the Pharmacy Service of the University Hospital of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (HU-UFJF) and also present the acceptance rates of pharmaceutical interventions according to the acceptability of the health team. Material and Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out at HU-UFJF of the results obtained by the clinical pharmacy service from April to October 2018. Results: 18.795 prescriptions were evaluated and 2.834 PRM were found and considered. The most prevalent type of drug-related problem was dilution and/or infusion rate corresponding to 28.7%. Conclusion: The clinical pharmacy service detected several problems related to drug use, which led to opportunities for improvement in pharmacotherapy, contributing to patient safety.


Subject(s)
Pharmacy , Pharmaceutical Services , Patient Care Team , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Prescriptions , Patient Safety , Medication Errors
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